To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. 2. If weaving is used to make the fabric, the warp yarns are assembled onto a beam. The fibres best suited for textile weaving typically measure between 1 to 1 3/4 inches long; the first destination for these fibres is the carding machine. The yarn is then woven on a loom to create wool fabric. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. Yarns … 6. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Filaments may be loosely twisted together to form yarns of a specified thickness. Here, the raw materials that have been harvested and processed are transformed from raw fibers into yarn and threads. 35. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. • Opening: This is the basic operation in the spinning of yarn from raw fibres. Making of Fabric, Fibre to Fabric, Class 6. Passage - 2 The process of making yam from fibres is called spinning. Activity 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84569-931-4.00008-8. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. 4. This brings the tiny fibres together to form a long and twisted thread called ‘yarn’. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. When grouped together in a loose, continuous rope without twist, synthetic filaments are called tow. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. This is done by spinning the fibers. Similarly , there are many other fibres available to us, which can be used to make cloth and we will learn about these in the next section. ACTIVITY 10.1 All these fibres are first converted into yarns to make fabrics. Natural fibers—cotton, flax, silk, and wool—represent the major fibers available to ancient civilizations. This process is also called warping. To make fabrics, all these fibres are first converted into yarns. After many different colours of finest Australian Merino wool fibres have been blended and carded, ring spinning frames twist them into woolen yarns and into the desired fineness. That thread which was made of fibres is called yarn. Pinch some cotton between the thumb and forefinger of the other hand. Log in, Concise Mathematics Class 10 ICSE Solutions 2018. Yarns are made from both natural and synthetic fibre, in filament or staple form.Filament is fibre of great length, including the natural fibre silk and the synthetic fibres. A brief treatment of yarn follows. In fact, some nonwoven products are subjected to both textile and p aper industry . Detailed definitions and manufacturing principles for different types of yarns are provided. For full treatment, see textile: Production of yarn. Fibres are made from the yarns. The fibres are then further separated in a blending machine; this separates different grades of cotton to be blended, processes and spun into yarn. A fibre is a fine hair like strand and is the basic unit of textiles from which we make yarns and then the fabric. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. In this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils (iv) Animal skins and furs (a) (i) … ↓ The yarns are then used to make fabrics by weaving and knitting. To make fabric, we have to first convert the cotton fibres into yarns by which of the following process? Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. 2. are drawn out and twisted. Appropriate yarn structures and manufacturing technologies are selected for required applications and properties. 36. (c) Spinning (iii) Yarns are made from these thin strands (d) Ginning (iv) These are spun from fibres and then used to make fabrics (e) Fibre (v) Process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric (f) Yarn (vi) Process of making yarn from fibres 23. The process of making fabric or cloth by arranging yarns at right angles to them, is called weaving.The process of making a fabric by interlocking loops of single yarn with knitting needles or machines, is called knitting. These fibres are spun into continuous strands called as yarns, by imparting twist. Hi, I am going to write the primary properties essential for a fibre to be spun in to a yarn. Answer: The devices on which weaving of fabrics takes place are called looms. The fibres of cotton and wool have many folds and uneven surfaces. • Handlooms or power looms are used in weaving fabrics. 1. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. 37. • Making yarn from fibre is called spinning. (a) Use of charkha was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi as a part of the Independence movement (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in Kerala and Punjab (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns (d) Sufi Saint Kabir was a weaver Solution: (b) In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar and Assam. 3.1. They are made from both natural and synthetic fibres. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? 1. Spinning can be done both by hands and by machines. Your email address will not be published. • Cotton fibres are made from cotton ball. Which of the following materials did people use in ancient times for making clothes? Pinch some cotton between the thumb an d forefinger of the other hand. technologies, to form and bond polymers, fibres, filaments, yarns or combination sheets into a flexible, porous structure. The strands are twisted to make yarns. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. Fabric is … The jute plant is normally harvested at flowering stage. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. This brings the fibres together to form a yam. It may have existed in Egypt as early as 12,000 B.C. In weaving 2 sets of yarns are interlaced to from the fabric. 39. Yarns are made up of a number of fibres twisted together. fibres. The yarn was _____to give beautiful colours and then_____to get cotton fabric. One such example is given. You can try making cotton yarn yourself. Spinning is the process of converting fibres into yarn by twisting the fibre using various machines. Improve your learning 1. These fibres are converted into yarns to make fabrics (Fig). Opening is the process of reducing compressed cotton fibres from a bale into smaller-fibre tufts. The yarn for the production of woolen loden fabrics is characterized by its bulky and soft appearance. The longer fibres are made into wool for sweaters and the shorter fibres are spun and woven into woollen cloth. 3.1. A bundle of endless stainless steel fibers can be converted to yarns by textile spinning processes. (i) Leaves of trees (ii) Newspaper (iii) Metal foils Fragments of cotton fabrics have been found by a… So they are first converted into yarns which are longer, thicker and stronger. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving. Fibres are thin and small and cannot be made into a fabric directly. Weft is … • Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of a jute plant. Fiber is the smallest unit of a fabric. The fleece is sheared from the sheep, scoured, carded, combed and spun into yarn. These fibres are converted into yarns to make … Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. The earliest known samples of yarn and fabric of any kind were found near Robenhausen, Switzerland, where bundles of flax fibers and yarns and fragments of plain-weave linen fabric, were estimated to be about 7,000 years old. To be made into fabric, wool undergoes several processes. Solution: (b): In India, jute is mainly grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam and Andhra Pradesh. Question 3. 38. There are two types of wool yarn that make different fabrics: woolen and worsted. Yarns are usually converted into fabrics, either by weaving or knitting. Weaving / Knitting / making of non wovens Then the yarn is made into fabric. Bobbin is the wooden or plastic reels on which yarn is wound. FIBRES Fibres … • The process of removing seeds from cotton wool is called ginning. Match the terms given in Column I with the statements given in Column II. 81 Science VI Class converted into yarn. (d) Sufi saint Kabir was a weaver. There are three basic steps required for fabric production. How is it done? The fabrics are made from fibres in the following two steps : (i) Fibres are first converted to yarn by the process of spinning. The 2 main processes are weaving and knitting. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. There are varieties of textile fibres derived from various natural and man-made sources. Textile - Textile - Conversion to yarn: Because filaments, such as silk and the synthetic fibres, have extreme length, they can be made into yarn without the spinning operation necessary for the shorter staple fibres. One such example is given. 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Activity 4 Hold some cotton wool in one hand. In case of staple-fibre yarns, manufacturing technologies including ring, rotor, air-jet spinning and Vortex spinning are explained together with the type of yarn structures obtained from the respective technologies and their end-uses. 5. At spinning mills, cotton fibres are first converted into different types of yarns At fabric mills, yarns are woven or knitted into fabrics At manufacturing factories, fabrics are cut and sewn into … Cotton has also been cultivated and used to make fabrics for at least 7,000 years. 3.1. (ii) Fabric is made from yarn by the process of weaving or knitting. Fill in the names of useful items made from jute fibres in Fig. Question 2: Which statement out of the following is incorrect? 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN You can try making cotton yar n yourself. Other cotton fibres and myself were made into yarn by the process of _____. 3. In the case of synthetic continuous-filament yarns, manufacturing methods including melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning and gel spinning techniques are explained and different forms of continuous-filament yarns are dealt with, such as flat yarns, textured yarns, bi-component yarns and split tape or film yarns. Spinning is done in the same way as the wicks are made from cotton wool at homes. ( most properties in synthetic fibres can be controlled to process them into different types of yarns. This process is known as the spinning of cotton yarns. Processing of a Fibre into Fabric. The cotton fibres are then converted into rope-like loose strands. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Yarns are woven together to make a fabric. Figure 5 shows the bonding of nonoven fabric. Yarns are the continuous, strands produced from a short and staple fibres. In the process of spinning, fibres from a mass of cotton (or wool, silk, etc.) • A yarns is a continuous strand made up of a number of fibres which are twisted together 19. Answer 2 (b) Question 3. We use these yarns to make fabrics. (c) To make fabric, the fibres are first converted into yarns. Spun yarns can contain a single type of fibre, or you can spin various types of fibre together to give you a blend. Raw jute fibres are red in colour. The chapter describes different types of yarns in terms of their structures, properties and applications. Question: What are looms? Hold some cotton wool in one hand. 3.4 SPINNING COTTON YARN. These materials vary in their sizes and texture and form a suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabrics. Particular emphasis is given to various types of fancy yarns, which are described with suitable diagrams and detailed explanations of their manufacturing methods. 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